Tummy Troubles!

When to Worry About Diarrhea and Vomiting

As parents, seeing your child unwell can be incredibly distressing. Diarrhea and vomiting are common issues in pediatric care, often caused by viral infections, dietary changes, or other factors. Here’s a comprehensive look at what you need to know.

Common Cause

1. Viral Infections: The most common cause of diarrhea and vomiting in children is viral gastroenteritis, often referred to as the “stomach flu”. This can be caused by several viruses, including rotavirus and norovirus.
2. Bacterial Infections: Less frequently, bacteria such as Salmonella or E. coli can lead to gastroenteritis, often through contaminated food or water.
3. Food Intolerances: Lactose intolerance or allergies to certain foods (like nuts, dairy, or gluten) can also cause digestive distress.
4. Medication Side Effects: Some medications may lead to gastrointestinal upset, including antibiotics that disrupt normal gut flora.

Signs to Watch For

• Dehydration: One of the most serious concerns with diarrhea and vomiting is dehydration. Look for signs such as dry mouth, decreased urine output, lethargy, or irritability.
• Persistent Symptoms: If diarrhea lasts more than 24 hours or vomiting continues for more than 12 hours, it’s important to consult your pediatrician.
• Blood in Stool or Vomit: Any presence of blood should be treated as an emergency.
• High Fever: A fever higher than 101°F (38.3°C) in infants under 3 months or a persistent fever in older children may require medical attention.

Home Care Tips

1. Hydration: The key to managing diarrhea and vomiting is keeping your child hydrated. Offer small sips of an oral rehydration solution (ORS), water, or clear broth. Avoid sugary drinks, as they can worsen diarrhea.
2. Diet: Once vomiting decreases, introduce bland foods like bananas, rice, applesauce, and toast. Gradually reintroduce other foods as tolerated. Avoid fatty foods till at least 2 days after the symptoms have stopped. Adding a probiotic once a day, yoghurt and chamomile tea mixed into a drink your child likes to drink may help with symptoms like cramping and nausea.
3. Rest: Ensure your child gets plenty of rest to help their body recover.

When to Seek Medical Attention

• If your child shows signs of severe dehydration (dry mouth, no tears when crying, sunken eyes).
• If they are very lethargic or unresponsive.
• If vomiting persists despite hydration efforts.
• If symptoms suddenly worsen or if you have any concerns about their health.

Prevention Tips

• Handwashing: Encourage regular handwashing to prevent the spread of infections.
• Food Safety: Ensure proper food handling and preparation, especially with meats and dairy.

Conclusion

Diarrhea and vomiting can be alarming for both children and parents, but with proper care and attention, most cases resolve quickly and without complications. Always trust your instincts as a parent—if you’re worried about your child’s health, don’t hesitate to reach out to your pediatrician.

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